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tableOfContents: true
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---
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## Types of Packages in Pop!_OS
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There are multiple package formats that can be used for installing applications on Pop!_OS.
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-**Flatpaks** are a modern type of package that utilize containerization and sandboxing for increased stability and security. Installing a Flatpak also installs all of its dependencies and libraries, and different Flatpak applications can use different versions of their dependencies at the same time if necessary.
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-[Flathub](https://flathub.org/) is the default source for most Flatpak applications in Pop!_OS.
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- Flatpak applications are generally more up-to-date than system (.deb) packages.
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- In Pop!_OS, Flatpak applications will only be available to the user who installed them by default.
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-**.deb files** (short for Debian files), sometimes called "system packages," are an older packaging format that forms the base of the operating system. They're installed by the `dpkg` or `apt` utilities (with `apt` also handling dependency resolution). Only one version of a dependency can usually be installed at a time with .deb files.
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-[The Ubuntu repositories](https://packages.ubuntu.com/) are the primary source of non-default .deb packages available to install in Pop!_OS and Ubuntu. (System packages installed by default are sometimes sourced from the first-party Pop!_OS repositories instead.)
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- System (.deb) packages sometimes offer older versions of applications than Flatpaks, since applications installed from the Ubuntu repositories only receive feature updates during major version upgrades of Pop!_OS.
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- Installed system (.deb) packages are available to all user accounts on the computer. For this reason, only administrators can install or update .deb packages.
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## Using the COSMIC Store
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### Installing an Application
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1. Open the COSMIC Store by clicking the icon in the dock, or by pressing `Super` to open the launcher and then searching for “COSMIC Store”.
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2. Explore apps or type the application name in the search field.
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3. Select the system or flathub version.
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- Flatpak packages (installed from Flathub by default) are generally more up-to-date. They'll only be available to the user who installed them.
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- System (.deb) packages (installed from the Ubuntu or Pop!_OS repositories by default) are available to all user accounts on the computer.
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3. Select the system (.deb) or Flathub (Flatpak) version.
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### Installing an Application Not Listed in the COSMIC Store
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The COSMIC Store lists applications available in the configurated software repositories. By default, these are [Flathub](https://flathub.org), [the Ubuntu repositories](https://packages.ubuntu.com), and the first-party Pop!\_OS repositories. If an application isn't available from one of these repositories, you can use the web to search for and install it from another source instead.
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1. Search for the application download link and instructions online.
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2. Download the application. When given multiple options of file type, look for a 64-bit .deb or Debian/Ubuntu option.
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3. After downloading, go to the Downloads folder and double-click the .deb file.
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4. The COSMIC Store will open and present you with the option to install the file.
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- When installing this way, the application may install a new repository so COSMIC Store can check for updates in the future, or you may need to download updates manually the same way you downloaded the initial installer.
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### Managing Repositories
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1. Press `Super` to open the launcher, then search for “Repoman".
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### Updating Installed Applications
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2. Click `Updates` on the sidebar.
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3. Select `Update all` in the top-right corner.
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## Using the Terminal
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### Installing Applications
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### Searching for Applications
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Launch the Terminal (`SUPER` + `T`) to install applications using a command line interface. The command to use depends on which package manager you're using for an app.
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You can discover the package names for new applications using the respective websites for [Flathub](https://flathub.org/) and [the Ubuntu repositories](https://packages.ubuntu.com/), or you can search for applications with a command line interface. Launch the Terminal (`SUPER` + `T`), then use the commands below.
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#### Flatpaks
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Search with the following command:
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```
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flatpak search [search term]
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```
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The package name for each search result is displayed in the `Application ID` column.
**Flatpaks** are a modern type of package that utilize containerization and sandboxing for increased stability and security. Installing a Flatpak also installs all of its dependencies and libraries, and different Flatpak applications can use different versions of their dependencies at the same time if necessary. [Flathub](https://flathub.org/) is the default source for most Flatpak applications in Pop!_OS.
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#### .deb (System) Packages
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Search with the following command:
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```
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apt search [search term]
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```
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The package name for each search result is displayed in green, before the `/` character.
Launch the Terminal (`SUPER` + `T`) to install applications using a command line interface. The command to use depends on which package manager you're using for an app.
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#### Flatpaks
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To install an application as a Flatpak:
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flatpak uninstall [packagename]
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```
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### .deb Files
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**.deb files** (short for Debian files) are an older packaging format that forms the base of the operating system. They're installed by the `dpkg` or `apt` utilities (with `apt` also handling dependency resolution). Only one version of a dependency can usually be installed at a time with .deb files. [The Ubuntu repositories](https://packages.ubuntu.com/) are the primary source of non-default .deb packages available to install in Pop!_OS and Ubuntu. (System packages installed by default are sometimes sourced from the first-party Pop!_OS repositories instead.)
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#### .deb Packages
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To install an application with apt:
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2. After each command, if prompted, answer `Y` and enter your password.
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3. If an error appears, read the error message and run any commands it suggests.
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#### Updating Flatpaks
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1. Open the Pop! Shop by clicking the rocket ship icon in the dock, or press SUPER and search for “pop shop”.
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2. Explore apps in categories, or type the application name in the search field.
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5. Click Install, then enter your password if prompted.
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### Managing Repositories
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1. Access Repoman by launching the Pop!_Shop, then clicking the `System Software Sources` option in the top-right menu or pressing the `Ctrl` + `S` keyboard shortcut in the Pop!_Shop.
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2. Click on the Extra Sources tab to manage .deb repositories (PPAs), or the Flatpak tab to manage Flatpak repositories.
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