New PR for Managing Apps Article (#1349)

* new PR for managing apps article

* managing-apps: Address some of the outstanding feedback

* managing-apps: Reorganize to place GUI first & old versions last, and remove out-of-scope sections

* managing-apps: Fix file names & image descriptions, remove unused images & optimize remaining ones

* managing-apps: Better organize Flatpak vs deb explanations

* managing-apps: Retake Repoman & CLI screenshots, add search screenshots

* fix (lint): Correct sub-bullet indentation

* fix (lint): Correct another sub-bullet indentation & surrounding line spacing

---------

Co-authored-by: Jacob Kauffmann <[email protected]>

Author: HappyGelo05

content/managing-apps.md

@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+---
+title: Installing, Updating, and Removing Applications
+description: >
+  Quick guide to installing, updating, and removing apps on your device.
+keywords:
+  - Apps
+  - Install
+  - Update
+  - Remove
+  - Delete
+
+facebookImage: /_social/article
+twitterImage: /_social/article
+
+hidden: false
+section: pop
+tableOfContents: true
+---
+
+## Types of Packages in Pop!_OS
+
+There are multiple package formats that can be used for installing applications on Pop!_OS.
+
+- **Flatpaks** are a modern type of package that utilize containerization and sandboxing for increased stability and security. Installing a Flatpak also installs all of its dependencies and libraries, and different Flatpak applications can use different versions of their dependencies at the same time if necessary.
+  - [Flathub](https://flathub.org/) is the default source for most Flatpak applications in Pop!_OS.
+  - Flatpak applications are generally more up-to-date than system (.deb) packages.
+  - In Pop!_OS, Flatpak applications will only be available to the user who installed them by default.
+
+- **.deb files** (short for Debian files), sometimes called "system packages," are an older packaging format that forms the base of the operating system. They're installed by the `dpkg` or `apt` utilities (with `apt` also handling dependency resolution). Only one version of a dependency can usually be installed at a time with .deb files.
+  - [The Ubuntu repositories](https://packages.ubuntu.com/) are the primary source of non-default .deb packages available to install in Pop!_OS and Ubuntu. (System packages installed by default are sometimes sourced from the first-party Pop!_OS repositories instead.)
+  - System (.deb) packages sometimes offer older versions of applications than Flatpaks, since applications installed from the Ubuntu repositories only receive feature updates during major version upgrades of Pop!_OS.
+  - Installed system (.deb) packages are available to all user accounts on the computer. For this reason, only administrators can install or update .deb packages.
+
+## Using the COSMIC Store
+
+### Installing an Application
+
+COSMIC includes a graphical user interface (GUI) called the COSMIC Store for easy installation and management of applications.
+
+1. Open the COSMIC Store by clicking the icon in the dock, or by pressing `Super` to open the launcher and then searching for “COSMIC Store”.
+
+![COSMIC Store icon in the Dock](/images/managing-apps/cosmic-store-icon.png)
+
+2. Explore apps or type the application name in the search field.
+
+![Search bar in the COSMIC Store](/images/managing-apps/cosmic-store-search.png)
+
+3. Select the system (.deb) or Flathub (Flatpak) version.
+
+![Selecting the app type in the COSMIC Store](/images/managing-apps/cosmic-store-select-type.png)
+
+### Installing an Application Not Listed in the COSMIC Store
+
+The COSMIC Store lists applications available in the configurated software repositories. By default, these are [Flathub](https://flathub.org), [the Ubuntu repositories](https://packages.ubuntu.com), and the first-party Pop!\_OS repositories. If an application isn't available from one of these repositories, you can use the web to search for and install it from another source instead.
+
+1. Search for the application download link and instructions online.
+
+![Pop!_OS 24.04 browser search](/images/managing-apps/browser-search-2404.png)
+
+2. Download the application. When given multiple options of file type, look for a 64-bit .deb or Debian/Ubuntu option.
+
+![Selecting the .deb type on the download webpage](/images/managing-apps/browser-select-type.png)
+
+3. After downloading, go to the Downloads folder and double-click the .deb file.
+
+![Downloaded .deb file in Pop!_OS 24.04](/images/managing-apps/downloaded-deb-file-2404.png)
+
+4. The COSMIC Store will open and present you with the option to install the file.
+
+    - When installing this way, the application may install a new repository so COSMIC Store can check for updates in the future, or you may need to download updates manually the same way you downloaded the initial installer.
+
+![Installing a .deb file with the COSMIC Store](/images/managing-apps/cosmic-store-file-install.png)
+
+### Managing Repositories
+
+You can add, remove, and edit software repositories using Repoman. This includes .deb software repositories (sometimes called PPAs, or Personal Package Archives), and Flatpak software repositories.
+
+**Caution:** Third-party repositories allow users to install software that has not been validated by System76 or other trusted Pop!_OS maintainers. Security vulerabilities or other bugs could be present in third-party software. Users should take caution and only add software repositories they trust.
+
+1. Press `Super` to open the launcher, then search for “Repoman".
+
+![Searching for Repoman in the COSMIC Launcher](/images/managing-apps/repoman-launcher.png)
+
+2. Click on the Extra Sources tab to manage .deb repositories (PPAs), or the Flatpak tab to manage Flatpak repositories.
+
+![Repoman's Extra Sources page in Pop!_OS 24.04](/images/managing-apps/repoman-extra-sources-2404.png)
+
+#### Adding a Repository
+
+1. Click the `+` button in the bottom-left corner.
+
+![Add button in Repoman (24.04)](/images/managing-apps/repoman-add-button-2404.png)
+
+2. Enter the source details for the repository and click Add.
+
+![Adding a source in Repoman (24.04)](/images/managing-apps/repoman-adding-2404.png)
+
+3. After entering your password (if prompted), the repository will appear in the sources list.
+
+![Added source in Repoman (24.04)](/images/managing-apps/repoman-added-2404.png)
+
+#### Removing a Repository
+
+Select a repository from the list, then click on the trashcan icon to delete the repository.
+
+![Remove button in Repoman (24.04)](/images/managing-apps/repoman-remove-button-2404.png)
+
+### Updating Installed Applications
+
+The COSMIC Store can update any applications installed from the software repositories configured on the system.
+
+1. Open the COSMIC Store.
+2. Click `Updates` on the sidebar.
+3. Select `Update all` in the top-right corner.
+
+![Updates page & button in the COSMIC Store](/images/managing-apps/cosmic-store-updates.png)
+
+## Using the Terminal
+
+### Searching for Applications
+
+You can discover the package names for new applications using the respective websites for [Flathub](https://flathub.org/) and [the Ubuntu repositories](https://packages.ubuntu.com/), or you can search for applications with a command line interface. Launch the Terminal (`SUPER` + `T`), then use the commands below.
+
+#### Flatpaks
+
+Search with the following command:
+
+```
+flatpak search [search term]
+```
+
+The package name for each search result is displayed in the `Application ID` column.
+
+![Flatpak search results](/images/managing-apps/search-flatpak.webp)
+
+#### .deb (System) Packages
+
+Search with the following command:
+
+```
+apt search [search term]
+```
+
+The package name for each search result is displayed in green, before the `/` character.
+
+![apt search results](/images/managing-apps/search-apt.webp)
+
+### Installing and Removing Applications
+
+Launch the Terminal (`SUPER` + `T`) to install applications using a command line interface. The command to use depends on which package manager you're using for an app.
+
+#### Flatpaks
+
+To install an application as a Flatpak:
+
+```
+flatpak install --app [packagename]
+```
+
+Flatpak will ask which app to install if multiple apps match the package name you provided. If you omit the `--app` flag, you'll also see libraries that match the package name.
+
+To uninstall an application as a Flatpak:
+
+```
+flatpak uninstall [packagename]
+```
+
+#### .deb Packages
+
+To install an application with apt:
+
+```bash
+sudo apt install [packagename]
+```
+
+To uninstall an application with apt:
+
+```bash
+sudo apt autoremove --purge [packagename]
+```
+
+The `autoremove` command removes dependencies that are no longer needed in addition to the app itself. The `--purge` flag removes system-wide configuration (such as from the `/etc/` directory) when uninstalling the package. User-specific configuration (in the `/home/` directory) is usually retained when removing packages with apt.
+
+### Updating via the Terminal
+
+#### Updating System-wide Software (.deb)
+
+1. Open a terminal by pressing `Super` + `T` and type the following commands:
+
+```bash
+sudo apt update
+sudo apt full-upgrade
+sudo apt autoremove --purge
+```
+
+2. After each command, enter your password or answer `Y` as prompted.
+    - When prompted for your password in the terminal, no onscreen feedback will appear while typing the password; press `Enter` after you're done typing the password.
+
+![Bad screenshot that needs to be replaced](/images/managing-apps/terminal-dist-upgrade.webp)
+
+3. If an error appears, read the error message and run any commands it suggests.
+
+![Bad screenshot taht needs to be replaced](/images/managing-apps/terminal-error.webp)
+
+#### Updating Flatpaks
+
+1. Open a terminal by pressing `Super` + `T` and type the following commands:
+
+```bash
+flatpak update
+flatpak uninstall --unused
+```
+
+## Using the Pop!_Shop (for Pop!_OS 22.04 and below)
+
+### Installing an Application
+
+Pop!_OS 22.04 and below include the Pop!_Shop, which looks different from the COSMIC Store but performs most of the same functions.
+
+1. Open the Pop! Shop by clicking the rocket ship icon in the dock, or press SUPER and search for “pop shop”.
+
+![Pop!_Shop icon in the dock](/images/managing-apps/pop-shop-icon.png)
+
+2. Explore apps in categories, or type the application name in the search field.
+
+![Pop!_Shop search bar](/images/managing-apps/pop-shop-search.png)
+
+3. Select the Pop!_OS/Ubuntu (.deb) or flathub (Flatpak) version.
+
+![Selecting the app type in the Pop!_Shop](/images/managing-apps/pop-shop-select-type.png)
+
+4. Click **Install**.
+
+### Installing an Application Not Listed in the Pop!_Shop
+
+The Pop!_Shop lists applications available in the configurated software repositories. By default, these are [Flathub](https://flathub.org), [the Ubuntu repositories](https://packages.ubuntu.com), and the first-party Pop!\_OS repositories. If an application isn't available from one of these repositories, you can use the web to search for and install it from another source instead.
+
+1. Search for the application download link and instructions online.
+
+![Pop!_OS 22.04 browser search](/images/managing-apps/browser-search-2204.png)
+
+2. Download the application. When given multiple options of file type, look for a 64-bit .deb or Debian/Ubuntu option.
+
+![Selecting the .deb type on the download webpage](/images/managing-apps/browser-select-type.png)
+
+3. After downloading, go to the Downloads folder and double-click the .deb file.
+
+![Downloaded .deb file in Pop!_OS 22.04](/images/managing-apps/downloaded-deb-file-2204.png)
+
+4. Open the file in Eddy, the default hanlder for .deb files in older versions of Pop!_OS.
+
+![Opening a .deb file with Eddy in Pop!_OS 22.04](/images/managing-apps/eddy-open-with.png)
+
+5. Click Install, then enter your password if prompted.
+
+![Installing a package with Eddy in Pop!_OS 22.04](/images/managing-apps/eddy-install.png)
+
+### Managing Repositories
+
+You can add, remove, and edit software repositories using Repoman. This includes .deb software repositories (sometimes called PPAs, or Personal Package Archives), and Flatpak software repositories.
+
+**Caution:** Third-party repositories allow users to install software that has not been validated by System76 or other trusted Pop!_OS maintainers. Security vulerabilities or other bugs could be present in third-party software. Users should take caution and only add software repositories they trust.
+
+1. Access Repoman by launching the Pop!_Shop, then clicking the `System Software Sources` option in the top-right menu or pressing the `Ctrl` + `S` keyboard shortcut in the Pop!_Shop.
+
+![Pop!_Shop System Software Sources menu item](/images/managing-apps/pop-shop-sources.png)
+
+2. Click on the Extra Sources tab to manage .deb repositories (PPAs), or the Flatpak tab to manage Flatpak repositories.
+
+![Repoman's Extra Sources page in Pop!_OS 22.04](/images/managing-apps/repoman-extra-sources-2204.png)
+
+#### Adding a Repository
+
+1. Click the `+` button in the bottom-left corner.
+
+![Add button in Repoman (22.04)](/images/managing-apps/repoman-add-button-2204.png)
+
+2. Enter the source details for the repository and click Add.
+
+![Adding a source in Repoman (22.04)](/images/managing-apps/repoman-adding-2204.png)
+
+3. After entering your password (if prompted), the repository will appear in the sources list.
+
+![Added source in Repoman (22.04)](/images/managing-apps/repoman-added-2204.png)
+
+#### Removing a Repository
+
+Select a repository from the list, then click on the trashcan icon to delete the repository.
+
+![Remove button in Repoman (22.04)](/images/managing-apps/repoman-remove-button-2204.png)
+
+### Updating Installed Applications
+
+The Pop!_Shop can update any applications installed from the software repositories configured on the system.
+
+1. Open the Pop!_Shop.
+
+2. Click `Updates & Installed Software` in the top-right menu, or press the `Ctrl` + `I` keyboard shortcut in the Pop!_Shop.
+
+![Pop!_Shop Updates & Installed Software menu button](/images/managing-apps/pop-shop-updates-menu.png)
+
+3. Select `Update All`.
+
+![Updates page & button in the Pop!_Shop](/images/managing-apps/pop-shop-updates-page.png)