feat(bigquery observability): add version attribute to span tracing

[ldetmer]

This PR adds the gcp.client.version attribute to the span trace. It follows the general java guidance on retrieving version at runtime, by creating a Version.java file that stores the current version and is updated via release-please. See gapic version here.

Example trace with attribute.

There is a separate task to update release-please to handle updating this file.

[gemini-code-assist]

Summary of Changes

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This pull request enhances the BigQuery client library's observability by integrating the client version into OpenTelemetry span traces. This addition provides crucial context for debugging and monitoring, allowing for easier identification of issues related to specific client versions. The change involves creating a dedicated version class and updating the telemetry tracer to utilize this version information.

Highlights

• Telemetry Enhancement: Added the gcp.client.version attribute to span traces for BigQuery operations, improving observability and debugging capabilities.
• Version Management: Introduced a new Version.java file to centrally manage and retrieve the client library version at runtime, following established Java guidance.
• Test Coverage: Included new and updated existing tests to ensure the gcp.client.version attribute is correctly added and verified in span data.

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[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request introduces a new Version class to centralize the BigQuery client artifact version. This version is then integrated into the telemetry tracing mechanism, specifically by adding a GCP_CLIENT_VERSION attribute to OpenTelemetry spans. New and updated tests verify this telemetry attribute. A suggestion was made to reorder the Javadoc and annotations in the Version class to align with standard Java conventions.

[diegomarquezp]

Looks good overall, just a minor comment

[diegomarquezp]

This should be package private as per gax's approach.